Based on the autopsy of a patient with speech disorder, French neurosurgeon Paul Broca concluded that “we speak with the left hemisphere”. Since then the posterior portion of the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere is known as Broca's area. This area has to do with speech production. Later, German neurologist Carl Wernicke found that the posterior portion of the left temporal lobe was involved in understanding language. This was named Wernicke's area. In brief, language output is controlled by Broca's area whereas language inputs are processed by Wernicke's area. These two areas are connected by a large collection of nerve fibres called arcuate fasciculus.