contd..

Trail-making Test
            Trail-making test requires the participant/ client/ patient to connect 25 dots. Time and accuracy are important considerations in this test. This test is employed to measure visual attention and task switching and has been found helpful in identifying cognitive impairments.

Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Test Battery
This is a comprehensive measure of neuropsychological functions that has been widely used for diagnosing cognitive deficits in clients/ patients above 15 years of age. It is also helpful to diagnose lateralized and localized brain impairments and is considered sensitive enough to detect mild impairments that otherwise might remain undetected. The scales comprising this test battery can be classified into four domains. They are listed in the table given below.

Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test
In Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test the participant/ client/ patient has to sketch total of 18 line drawing in two conditions— first by copying and then from memory. In the first condition the participant/ client/ patient is supposed to reproduce the stimulus figures presented to them. Thereafter, they are supposed to reproduce the figures after a short delay. Once again, they are supposed to draw the figures after a delay of 20-30 minutes. This test measures functions such as visuospatial ability, memory, attention, planning and working memory. It has also been found suitable for identifying dementia and brain injury.

Delis-Kaplan Executive Functions System (D-KEFS)
Delis-Kaplan Executive Functions System measures verbal and nonverbal executive functions. It can be administered on participant/ client/ patient between 8-89 years of age. The table given below gives the details of the nine subtests of D-KEFS. It has been used for identifying mild brain injuries also.