As we know, encoding, storage and retrieval are the three functions that memory system performs. The information passes from sensory to short-term and then to the long-term memory. The behavioural outcomes that we give are mediated through the working memory. The prefrontal cortex plays significant role in the initial stages of information processing, especially short-term and working memory. It is important for sequencing and organizing the information. It is also likely to be the control center for metamemory and effortful initiation of recall. The temporo-polar and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is significant for recall. The prefrontal cortex also has to do with sustained attention, verbal and spatial working memory, and semantic memory (Nyberg et al., 2003). Studies suggest that source monitoring rely on executive function abilities as content-context association depends on conscious working-memory. Frontal lobe is involved in integrating item and source information during encoding. The lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) is activated during episodic memory retrieval. Bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal regions (Brodmann's Areas 6, 44, 45, and 47) and dorsolateral prefrontal regions (Brodmann's Areas 9/46) are activated during encoding and recognizing the context of worming memory and long-term memory tasks. Brodmann's Areas 10/46 activation has been recorded in the left anterior middle frontal gyrus during the recognition phases of these tasks. Maintenance and manipulation of information across short delays in working memory have been found to activate ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal regions. Activation of ventrolateral prefrontal region has been observed during long-term memory encoding and retrieval tasks, whereas during long-term memory retrieval tasks dorsolateral and anterior prefrontal activation has been observed.

Activation of regions in dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex has been reported during encoding as well as recognition of objects. During retrieval left anterior prefrontal cortex was activated which further increased while retrieving perceptual details of the object. The left anterior prefrontal cortex is instrumental in on-line monitoring and appraisal of specific memory characteristics during retrieval. The inferior and lateral frontal lobes as well as the anterior and lateral temporal lobes are involved in retrieval.