Knot (plate 10A) joints are commonly applied for rope, thread and flexible material. Knot is to tie two ends firmly so that they do not separate. Rock climbing and mountaineering has to use extensive knots for safer climbing. Knot uses such technique so that with greater force from opposite directions the knot becomes stronger. However, knots have varieties of applications depending on the purpose- security, fashion, decorative, safety, etc. Nylon plastic knots (plate 10B) are used for securing cable to locking flight baggage. Designers use attractive knots in jewellery design (plate 10C). Use of tussles (plate 10D) is part of decoration is found from early period. Royal robes and military decoration with tussles are part of the dress code. Hairstyle (plate 10E) with knots is part of style in fashion design. Thus, each time knot displays its manifestation is part of joining paradigm.

Bridging

Joining two separate lands by building bridge is a long tradition from ancient time. Bridge may be constructed with variety of materials- brick, stone, rope, bamboo, metal, cable, etc.

Plate 11A Harbour Bridge	11B Stone Bridge	11C Bamboo Bridge	11D Brick & Stone Bridge
Sydney	Mughal Period	Japan	Jabalpur, India

(Source:http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&q=Knots+in+Product+Design&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_
pw.r_qf.&biw=1332&bih=581&um=1&ie=UTF8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=LFtVUIK
qCcrtrQeF1IHQDg#um=1&hl=en&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Bridge+&oq=Bridge+&gs_l=img.12...2948.
8538.3.10205.9.9.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0...0.0...1c.1.Obniz3kXP08&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.
&fp=714eab418a8040b9&biw=1332&bih=581 ; Sept. 16, 2012)