Module 8 : Joining                    
  Lecture 27 : Joining, Ball & Socket Joints, Universal Joints
 
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Plate 3A Power Jointing
  3B Jointing Power Cable
3C Adhesive Tape  
3D Plug & Sockets

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Electrical Jointing (plate 3A) is common for the supply of electricity. Power cables are jointed (plate 3B) for the protection on hostile weather conditions. All weather adhesive tapes (plate 3C) are used for joining wires. Wall sockets (plate 3D) provide mechanism to jointing two leads.
 
Ball & Socket Joints

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Plate 4A Ball & Socket
 4B Hip Joint 
  4C Snake’s Vertebra 
4D Ant’s Head Movement

Ball and Socket (plate 4A) is a useful joint that is naturally built in animal anatomy. Hip Joint (plate 4B) is an example of ball and socket joint that allows us to move in multiple directions. Shoulder joint is based on ball and socket that allows us to move our hand in rotational directions. Snake’s vertebra (plate 4C) is built with ball and socket joints that provide much flexible movements. Similarly ant’s head (plate 4D) can turn in various directions because of ball and socket joints. Hence, ball and socket jointing mechanism provides flexibility for movements. The same principle is applied to many product designs where they require larger oscillation.