Module 5 : Basic Paradigms
  Lecture 14 : Capsule, Cell, Pipe, Net, Pouch, Conclusion
 

Capsule- It is a small case or container, esp. round or cylindrical one (plate 32A). In medical profession capsule is mostly used in medicine (plate 32B). A capsule is usually a rigid enclosure, unlike a bubble. Capsule implies independence from outer environment. The conventional shape of a capsule is a cylinder capped with hemispherical shape at two ends. Capsules can be opened to load or unload things. Most of the canned food can be considered capsules. An egg (plate 32C) is protected during its
fertilization period, is a classic natural example of capsule.  Space Capsule (plate 32D) functions under the same principle, which protects inside from outer extreme environmental conditions. The concept of capsule has given birth to large numbers of innovative concepts.

http://www.healthhype.com/wp-content/uploads/Capsule_Endoscopy.jpg
eggcrosssection
Plate 32A Capsule (Endoscopy) 
     
 
32B Medicine    (Capsule)
     32C Egg Capsule
  
32D Space Capsule 

Cell- It is a smaller structure remains part of a larger structure, which grows in its arranged own regular matrix. Cell has pattern because of its structural design.  Cells of different types can be quite different sizes- microscopic to blood cell to an ostrich egg.

“Cells are the structural and functional units of all living organisms. Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell. Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular, or have many cells—an estimated 100,000,000,000,000 cells! Each cell is an amazing world unto itself: it can take in nutrients, convert these nutrients into energy, carry out specialized functions, and reproduce as necessary. Even more amazing is that each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of these activities.”

(Ref. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/primer/genetics_cell.html ; Aug 10, 2012)