Foreshortening:

To foreshorten is "to represent the lines (of an object) as shorter than they actually are in order to give the illusion of proper relative size, in accordance with the principles of perspective." Foreshortening is most successful when accurately rendered on the picture plane to create the illusion of a figure in space. Foreshortening occurs when an object appears compressed when seen from a particular viewpoint, and the effect of perspective causes distortion . Here are a few examples of foreshortening to practice.

Fig. 51: a,b,c,d

(a) A rocket

Fig.51: Examples of foreshortening.