Second Generation (1950-1964) :: Transistors

• William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invent the transistor that reduce size of computers and improve reliability. Vacuum tubes have been replaced by transistors.
                  
• First operating Systems: handled one program at a time
                                    
• On-off switches controlled by electronically.
                                                  
• High level languages
                             
• Floating point arithmetic