Ex.24-1 What is tangential system of tacheometry? What are its advantages and disadvantages over the stadia method?

Ex.24-2 In tangential method of surveying, two vanes were fixed at an interval of 1m on a 3m staff with the upper vane at 2.0m. The staff was held vertical at station A and the vertical angles measured for the two vanes were 6° 30' 20 " and 4° 15' 40 " respectively. Calculate the R.L. and the horizontal distance of A, if the R.L. of a B.M. was 256.275m. Assume any other data, if required.

Ex.24-3 The horizontal angle subtended at a theodolite station by a subtense bar with targets 2 m apart, is 15'40". Compute

• The horizontal distance between the subtense bar and the theodolite.
• The error in the horizontal distance if there is an error of +20" in the measurement of horizontal angle, and
• The error in the horizontal distance if the bar is 30' out from being normal to the line joining the instrument and the subtense bar.

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