EXERCISES

6. Oil with specific gravity of 0.8 flows through a tapered pipeline whose diameter changes from 310 mm at section 1 to 620 mm at section 2. The pressures at section 1 and 2 are observed to be 1 bar and 0.65 bar respectively. The discharge through the pipeline is 300 lits/s and the difference in elevation between two sections is 46m. Determine (i) loss at head and direction of flow.

7. A conical tube of length 3m is fixed vertically with its smaller end upwards. The flow enters at a velocity of 4m/s at the smaller end and leaves at the lower end at a velocity of 2m/s. The pressure head at the smaller end is 2m at the liquid. The head loss in the tube is where V₁ and V₂ are velocities at the smaller end and lower end respectively. Determine the pressure head at lower end.
8. In a vertical pipe conveying water, the pressure gages are located at A and B , where the diameters are 12cm and 6cm respectively. The point B is 2.5m below A . When the flow rate down the pipe is 20lits/s, the pressure at B is 120kPa. Assuming that the losses in the pipe between A and B as , where V_Ais the velocity at A , find the value of k. If the gages are replaced by tubes filled with water and connected to U-tube mercury manometer, calculate the reading in the manometer. Specific gravity of mercury can be taken as 13.6.