Depending on the type of soil, different techniques are used for the excavation of soil . In India , small earthwork excavation such as for building work, canal embankment, repair and construction; excavation is carried out manually . For infrastructural project such as construction of road , dams , embankment for flood control and irrigation , large volume of earthwork is involved . These constructions are carried out using large scale equipments .They are heavy equipments .

Commonly used equipments for the excavation are –

1. Bulldozers
2. Power Shovels
3. Scrapers
4. Dragline
5. ClamShell
6. Backhoe

1. Bulldozers – A dozer which is popularly called bulldozer is a self contained tractor power unit with a blade attached to its front . The are used for pushing the materials , land clearing , striping , towing other pieces of constructions , assisting in loading side hill cutting , backfilling & spreading , etc . The amount of material a dozer can move depends upon the size of the blade , tha is the amount of material that can remain in the blade .