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The control of an intersection can be exercised at different levels.
They can be either passive control, semi control, or active control.
In passive control, there is no explicit control on the driver .
In semi control, some amount of control on the driver is there from the traffic
agency.
Active control means the movement of the traffic is fully controlled by the
traffic agency and the drivers cannot simply maneuver the intersection
according to his choice.
When the volume of traffic is less, no explicit control is required.
Here the road users are required to obey the basic rules of the road.
Passive control like traffic signs, road markings etc. are used to complement
the intersection control. Some of the intersection control that are classified
under passive control are as follows:
- No control If the traffic coming to an intersection is low, then
by applying the basic rules of the road like driver on the left side of the
road must yield and that through movements will have priority than turning
movements.
The driver is expected to obey these basic rules of the road.
- Traffic signs: With the help of warning signs, guide signs etc.
it is able to provide some level of control at an intersection.
Give way control, two-way stop control, and all-way stop control are some
examples.
The GIVE WAY control requires the driver in the minor road to slow down to a
minimum speed and allow the vehicle on the major road to proceed.
Two way stop control requires the vehicle drivers on the minor streets should
see that the conflicts are avoided.
Finally an all-way stop control is usually used when it is difficult to
differentiate between the major and minor roads in an intersection.
In such a case, STOP sign is placed on all the approaches to the intersection
and the driver on all the approaches are required to stop the vehicle.
The vehicle at the right side will get priority over the left approach.
The traffic control at 'at-grade' intersection may be uncontrolled in cases of
low traffic.
Here the road users are required to obey the basic rules of the road.
Passive control like traffic signs, road markings etc. are used to complement
the intersection control.
- Traffic signs plus marking: In addition to the traffic signs,
road markings also complement the traffic control at intersections.
Some of the examples include stop line marking, yield lines, arrow marking etc.
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