Example
Consider an electrolyte adsorbing at water air interface. It can be represented as chemical equation as
where represents . Using Gibbs equation we can write

Assuming surface is neutral i.e. equal number of anion and cation at the surface so


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(6.6) |
is mean ionic activity which is practically more easy to measure then and .

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(6.7) |
where is the concentration(amount) of salt put in. Reduction in surface tension depends on how much molecules are adsorbed on the surface.
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