Figure 2: Flexible spacer - arm may be attached between ligand and solid support.
Likewise, if someone wants to separate specific enzyme, a strategy may involve immobilization of either its substrate, an inhibitor, or even a cofactor on solid support.
Two factors are required for the ligand:
I. Specific and reversible binding with the desired protein.
II. The ligand is capable of covalent bonding to the matrix without disrupting its binding activity. This is usually facilitated by the placement of spacer arms between the ligand and the matrix, so that in case the active site is buried deep within the ligand, it is not physically hidden from its binding substrate.
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